File commands
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
| Show current dirrectory | pwd |
| Show all files and folders in current directory | ls |
| Change directory | cd
e.g. cd usr Navigate to root directory cd / Navigate to home directory cd ~ Navigate up one level cd .. Navigate back one level cd – |
| Make new folder in current location | mkdir
e.g. mkdir newfolder |
| Remove file or directory | rm
Caution: rm -r can be used to remove a directory and all files and folders inside. |
System commands
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
| “SuperUserDo” – prefix to command to run command as root user | sudo
e.g. sudo ls |
| Update Advanced Packaging Tool (APT) package manager – retrieves latest package list | sudo apt-get update |
| Install software package | sudo apt-get install [package name]
e.g. sudo apt-get install vlc |
| Update currently installed software package
Note: this is done by tying together both the apt update and install commands. |
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install vlc |
| Restart computer | sudo reboot |
| Shutdown computer | sudo poweroff |
System information
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
| Display operating system version | lsb_release -a |
| Display kernel version | uname -a |
| Display filesystem disk usage for all mounted partitions | df -h |
| Display free and used memory (system RAM) | free -m |
| Display network interfaces and assigned IP addresses | ip addr show |